CMake 容许为项目增长编译选项,从而能够根据用户的环境和需求选择最合适的编译方案。ios
例如,能够将 MathFunctions 库设为一个可选的库,若是该选项为 ON ,就使用该库定义的数学函数来进行运算。不然就调用标准库中的数学函数库。c++
$ mkdir hello $ cd hello $ mkdir math build $ touch CMakeLists.txt main.cpp math/MathFunctions.h math/MathFunctions.cpp math/CMakeLists.txt $ tree . ├── build ├── CMakeLists.txt ├── main.cpp └── math ├── CMakeLists.txt ├── MathFunctions.cpp └── MathFunctions.h
int power(int base, int exponent);
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include "MathFunctions.h" int power(int base, int exponent) { int result = base; int i; if (exponent == 0) { return 1; } for(i = 1; i < exponent; ++i){ result = result * base; } return result; }
#include <iostream> #include "MathFunctions.h" using namespace std; int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) { printf("%s power(2,3)=%d \n", "Hello,World!", power(2, 3)); return 0; }
# CMake 最低版本号要求 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15.0) # 项目名 project(hello) # 查找当前目录下的全部源文件,并将名称保存到 SRC_LIST 变量 aux_source_directory(. SRC_LIST) # 查找 math 目录下的全部源文件,并将名称保存到 MATH_SRC_LIST 变量 # aux_source_directory(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/math MATH_SRC_LIST) # 添加 math 子目录 (math 目录里必须有 CMakeLists.txt),这样 math 目录下的 CMakeLists.txt 文件和源代码也会被处理 add_subdirectory(math) # 添加头文件路径 include_directories(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/math) # 指定生成目标 add_executable(hello ${SRC_LIST} ${MATH_SRC_LIST}) # 添加连接库 target_link_libraries(hello MathFunctions)
# 查找当前目录下的全部源文件,并将名称保存到 DIR_LIB_SRCS 变量 aux_source_directory(. DIR_LIB_SRCS) # 生成连接库 add_library (MathFunctions ${DIR_LIB_SRCS})
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15.0) # 项目名 project(hello) # 查找当前目录下的全部源文件,并将名称保存到 SRC_LIST 变量 aux_source_directory(. SRC_LIST) # 加入一个配置头文件,用于处理 CMake 对源码的设置 configure_file ( "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/config.h.in" "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/config.h" ) # 是否使用本身的 MathFunctions 库 # 这里设置的变量 USE_MYMATH、中间的提示文字、默认值,在 ccmake 命令中会展现 option (USE_MYMATH "Use provided math implementation" ON ) # 是否加入 MathFunctions 库 if (USE_MYMATH) # 添加头文件路径 include_directories ("${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/math") # 添加 math 子目录 (math 目录里必须有 CMakeLists.txt) add_subdirectory (math) set (EXTRA_LIBS ${EXTRA_LIBS} MathFunctions) endif (USE_MYMATH) # 指定生成目标 add_executable(hello ${SRC_LIST} ${MATH_SRC_LIST}) # 添加连接库 target_link_libraries(hello ${EXTRA_LIBS})
#include <iostream> #include "config.h" #ifdef USE_MYMATH // 若是定义了 USE_MYMATH,导入 "MathFunctions.h" #include "MathFunctions.h" #else // 若是 USE_MYMATH 未定义,导入 <cmath> #include <cmath> #endif using namespace std; int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) { #ifdef USE_MYMATH printf("Here define USE_MYMATH \n"); printf("%s power(2,3)=%d \n", "Hello,World!", power(2, 3)); #else printf("Here undefine USE_MYMATH \n"); printf("%s power(2,3)=%f \n", "Hello,World!", pow(2, 3)); #endif return 0; }
#cmakedefine USE_MYMATH
$ cd Desktop/hello/build # cmake 指定 USE_MYMATH=ON $ cmake -DUSE_MYMATH=ON .. -- The C compiler identification is AppleClang 10.0.1.10010046 -- The CXX compiler identification is AppleClang 10.0.1.10010046 -- Check for working C compiler: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/cc -- Check for working C compiler: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/cc -- works -- Detecting C compiler ABI info -- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done -- Detecting C compile features -- Detecting C compile features - done -- Check for working CXX compiler: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/c++ -- Check for working CXX compiler: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/c++ -- works -- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info -- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done -- Detecting CXX compile features -- Detecting CXX compile features - done -- Configuring done -- Generating done -- Build files have been written to: /Users/staff/Desktop/hello/build $ make Scanning dependencies of target MathFunctions [ 25%] Building CXX object math/CMakeFiles/MathFunctions.dir/MathFunctions.cpp.o [ 50%] Linking CXX static library libMathFunctions.a [ 50%] Built target MathFunctions Scanning dependencies of target hello [ 75%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/hello.dir/main.cpp.o [100%] Linking CXX executable hello [100%] Built target hello # 这里输出的 ”Here define USE_MYMATH“ $ ./hello Here define USE_MYMATH Hello,World! power(2,3)=8 # cmake 指定 USE_MYMATH=OFF $ cmake -DUSE_MYMATH=OFF .. -- Configuring done -- Generating done -- Build files have been written to: /Users/staff/Desktop/hello/build $ make Scanning dependencies of target hello [ 50%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/hello.dir/main.cpp.o [100%] Linking CXX executable hello [100%] Built target hello # 这里输出的 ”Here undefine USE_MYMATH“ $ ./hello Here undefine USE_MYMATH Hello,World! power(2,3)=8.000000
$ cd Desktop/hello/build $ ccmake ..
能够看到 USE_MYMATH 选项segmentfault
相关参考:
CMake 官方网站
CMake 入门实战app
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