CentOS6.5 64位 nginx安装与配置

linux下nginx的安装与配置过程.

工具/原料

GCC，PCRE,zlib,OpenSSL等安装包
nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz openssl-1.0.1c.tar.gz pcre-8.35.tar.gz zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz

步骤1 安装编译工具及库文件

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1)需要安装软件：GCC，PCRE,zlib,OpenSSL。

Nginx是C写的，需要用GCC编译；Nginx的Rewrite和HTTP模块会用到PCRE；Nginx中的Gzip用到zlib；

步骤阅读
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2)用命令“# gcc”，查看gcc是否安装；如果出现“gcc: no input files”信息，说明已经安装好了。命令:[[email protected] soft]# gcc

gcc: fatal error: no input files

否则,执行命令：[[email protected] soft]# yum install gcc”，一直按y确认即可.
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3)gcc测试：[[email protected] soft]# gcc -v

Using built-in specs.

COLLECT_GCC=gcc

COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.8.2/lto-wrapper

Target: x86_64-redhat-linux

Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share/man --infodir=/usr/share/info

--with-bugurl=http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla

--enable-bootstrap --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-checking=release

--with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libunwind-exceptions

--enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-linker-build-id --with-linker-hash-style=gnu

--enable-languages=c,c++,objc,obj-c++,java,fortran,ada,go,lto --enable-plugin --enable-initfini-array

--disable-libgcj --with-isl=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.2-20140120/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/isl-install

--with-cloog=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.2-20140120/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/cloog-install

--enable-gnu-indirect-function --with-tune=generic --with-arch_32=x86-64 --build=x86_64-redhat-linux

Thread model: posix

gcc version 4.8.2 20140120 (Red Hat 4.8.2-16) (GCC)
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4)同样方法，用如下命令安装PCRE，zlib，OpenSSL;

注：安装包下安装，即执行命令如下

tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz

cd zlib-1.2.8

./configure

make

make install

tar -zxvf openssl-1.0.1c.tar.gz

cd openssl-1.0.1c

./configure

make

make install

END

步骤2 下载PCRE安装包,下载地址： http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz

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注：PCRE 作用是让 Ngnix 支持 Rewrite 功能。

下载并解压 PCRE 安装包;

[[email protected] soft]# wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz

[[email protected] soft]# chmod 777 pcre-8.35.tar.gz

[[email protected] soft]# tar -zxvf pcre-8.35.tar.gz

步骤阅读
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进入安装目录，编译并安装;

[[email protected] soft]# pwd

/home/sonar/soft

[[email protected] soft]# cd pcre-8.35/

[[email protected] pcre-8.35]# ./configure

[[email protected] pcre-8.35]# make && make install

步骤阅读

步骤阅读
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查看pcre版本;

[[email protected] pcre-8.35]# pcre-config --version

8.35

说明：安装成功!

END

步骤3 安装 Nginx

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1)下载 Nginx，下载地址：http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz;

[[email protected] soft]# pwd

/home/sonar/soft

[[email protected] soft]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz

步骤阅读
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2)解压安装包;

[[email protected] soft]# chmod 777 nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz

[[email protected] soft]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
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3)进入安装目录，编译并安装;

[[email protected] soft]# cd nginx-1.6.2

[[email protected] nginx-1.6.2]# ./configure --prefix=/home/sonar/soft/nginx --with-pcre=/home/sonar/soft/pcre-8.35 --with-http_stub_status_module --with-debug

[[email protected] nginx-1.6.2]# make

[[email protected] nginx-1.6.2]# make install
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4)查看版本;

[[email protected] nginx-1.6.2]# nginx -v

END

步骤4 Nginx 配置

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1)创建 Nginx 运行使用的用户 nginx：

[[email protected] conf]# /usr/sbin/groupadd nginx

[[email protected] conf]# /usr/sbin/useradd -g nginx nginx
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2)配置nginx.conf ，将/home/sonar/soft/nginx/conf/nginx.conf替换为以下内容:

user root;

worker_processes 2; #设置值和CPU核心数一致

error_log /home/sonar/soft/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit; #日志位置和日志级别

pid /home/sonar/soft/nginx/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.

worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

events

{

use epoll;

worker_connections 65535;

}

http

{

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';

#charset gb2312;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;

client_header_buffer_size 32k;

large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;

client_max_body_size 8m;

sendfile on;

tcp_nopush on;

keepalive_timeout 60;

tcp_nodelay on;

fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;

fastcgi_send_timeout 300;

fastcgi_read_timeout 300;

fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;

fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;

fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;

fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

gzip on;

gzip_min_length 1k;

gzip_buffers 4 16k;

gzip_http_version 1.0;

gzip_comp_level 2;

gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;

gzip_vary on;

#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;

#下面是server虚拟主机的配置

server

{

listen 8080;#监听端口

server_name localhost;#域名

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /home/sonar/soft/nginx/html;#站点目录

location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$

{

#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

include fastcgi.conf;

}

location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ico)$

{

expires 30d;

# access_log off;

}

location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$

{

expires 15d;

# access_log off;

}

access_log off;

}

}
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3)检查配置文件ngnix.conf的正确性命令;

[[email protected] sbin]# pwd

/home/sonar/soft/nginx/sbin

[[email protected] sbin]# ./nginx -t

nginx: the configuration file /home/sonar/soft/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok

nginx: configuration file /home/sonar/soft/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
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4)nginx启动命令：

[[email protected] sbin]# pwd

/home/sonar/soft/nginx/sbin

[[email protected] sbin]# ./nginx

见图;

步骤阅读
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5)访问：http://localhost;

如图;

Nginx 其他命令:

/home/sonar/soft/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload # 重新载入配置文件

/home/sonar/soft/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reopen # 重启 Nginx

/home/sonar/soft/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop # 停止 Nginx

步骤阅读

END

注意事项

1)远程执行wget命令后，下载的文件需要执行有+X权限;
2)注意查看防火墙，是否启用nginx配置的端口;
3)如果出现403 forbidden，则说是权限异常，在nginx.conf中,指定下user ,如上步骤中user root;