Nginx自学手册（六）Nginx+Tomcat实现动静分离

时间 2021-04-24

标签 html java nginx web apache bootstrap vim 浏览器 tomcat bash 栏目 Nginx 繁體版

原文原文链接

（一）简述html

Nginx是一种轻量级，高性能，多进程的Web服务器，很是适合做为静态资源的服务器使用，而动态的访问操做能够使用稳定的Apache、Tomcat及IIS等来实现，这里就以Nginx做为代理服务器的同时，也使用其做为静态资源的服务器，而动态的访问服务器就以Tomcat为例说明。java

（二）环境简介nginx

服务器名称	IP	备注
Nginx服务器	192.168.180.4
Tomcat服务器	192.168.180.23
client	192.168.181.231	客户端访问

（三）具体步骤:web

（1）tomcat服务器（192.168.180.23）的相关配置配置apache

1.1 tomcat的安装及相关环境变量的配置能够参考前面文档，具体本次试验省略了bootstrap

1.2 ，启动tomcat测试界面，打开会出现测试页面。vim

[root@localhost local]# /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.63/bin/startup.sh 
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.63
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.63
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.63/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_131/
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.63/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.63/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.

1.3新建测试页面。在/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.63/webapps下新建html目录和index.html文件浏览器

[root@localhost local]# mkdir /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.63/webapps/html
[root@localhost local]# vim /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.63/webapps/html/index.html
this is tomcat index.html
and this ip:192.168.180.23
port:8080

1.4修改server.xml文件的测试路径的路径。在<host> ****</host>标签之间添加上： <Context path="" docBase="html" debug="0" reloadable="true" />tomcat

path是说明虚拟目录的名字，若是你要只输入ip地址就显示主页，则该键值留为空；
docBase是虚拟目录的路径，它默认的是$tomcat/webapps/ROOT目录，如今我在webapps目录下建了一个html目录，让该目录做为个人默认目录。
debug和reloadable通常都分别设置成0和true。bash

[root@localhost local]# vim /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.63/conf/server.xml 
   <Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"                                                                                                                                                 
            unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                                                                
        <!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications                                                                                                                  
             Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html -->                                                                                                                                      
        <!--                                                                                                                                                                                    
        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" />                                                                                                                    
        -->                                                                                                                                                                                     
       <Context path="" docBase="html" debug="0" reloadable="true" />                                                                                                                           
        <!-- Access log processes all example.                                                                                                                                                  
             Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html                                                                                                                                          
             Note: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" -->                                                                                                                 
        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"                                                                                                           
               prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"                                                                                                                                     
               pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />                                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                                                                                
      </Host>

1.5修改web.xml文件，查看html文件的内容。在<welcome-file-list>****</welcome-file>段之间添加上：<welcome-file>html</welcome-file>。完成以后重启便可。

[root@localhost local]# vim /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.63/conf/web.xml 
 <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>html</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>

1.6新建相关的测试页面，如test.jsp test.do

[root@localhost html]# pwd
/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.63/webapps/html
[root@localhost html]# cat test.jsp 
this is tomcat of test.jsp
[root@localhost html]# cat test.do 
welcome to tomcat ,this is test-do.do

经过浏览器访问的结果以下：

a.访问默认页面：

b.访问test.jsp页面

c.访问test.do页面

（2）Nginx服务器的相关配置

[root@Monitor server]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/server/server.conf
server {
         listen    80;
         server_name  xn2.lqb.com;
         root /html/xn2;
    #    rewrite ^/(.*)$ https:xn3.lqb.com/$1 permanent;
     location / {
       index index.html;
    #    proxy_cache mycache;
    #    proxy_cache_valid 200 3h;
    #    proxy_cache_valid 301 302 10m;
    #    proxy_cache_valid all 1m;
    #    proxy_cache_use_stale error timeout http_500 http_502 http_503;
    #    proxy_pass http://192.168.180.9;
    #    proxy_set_header Host    $host;
    #    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP  $remote_addr;
                     }
       location  /ie/
           {
             index index.html;
             }
       location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|swf)$  {      #全部的静态文件以gif、jpg等结尾的都在本地打开，目录为/html/xn2下，保存时间为30天
                     expires 30d;
                          }
       location ~ (\.jsp)|(\.do)$ {                 ##########全部的以jsp .do的动态请求都交给后边的tomcat代理服务器处理。
                proxy_pass http://192.168.180.23:8080;
                proxy_redirect off;
                proxy_set_header HOST $host;
                proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
                proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
                       }
                    }
[root@Monitor server]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@Monitor server]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

访问结果以下：

a.访问默认页面，会直接访问nginx所默认的页面，而不会调到后台tomcat服务器页面

b.访问.do页面。其实访问的就是tomcat后台test.do页面

c.访问jsp页面。其实访问的就是tomcat后台test.jsp页面

至此nginx+tomcat的动静分离配置完成。